PCL and Carbon Nanofiber Composite Ink | What happens when carbon nanofibers are added to a polymer ink for 3D bioprinting?
Developing a PCL/Carbon Nanofiber Composite Ink
Developing a reliable composite ink is not simply about combining materials. It requires careful control of material properties, dispersion, processing conditions, and printability to achieve consistent and reproducible results.
Recently, our team at OmidAfarinan developed a solvent-based PCL/Carbon Nanofiber (CNF) composite ink for fabricating 3D-printed structures with potential applications in tissue engineering and biomedical research, as part of a bioprinting service project. The constructs were fabricated using our BioFabX2 bioprinter, designed and developed in-house.
Main project challenges
- Achieving uniform CNF dispersion: Achieving a homogeneous distribution of carbon nanofibers without compromising the extrusion behavior of the composite ink.
- Effective solvent removal: Reducing residual solvent and its potential cytotoxicity while avoiding common printing issues such as bubble formation and unstable material flow. .
Optimizing Dispersion, Drying, and Printability
Through careful optimization of the dispersion and drying processes, we achieved stable printing behavior, consistent material flow, and reliable fabrication of the final constructs.
Our bioprinting service included:
- Composite ink formulation and preparation
- CNF dispersion and polymer composite processing
- 3D bioprinting using BioFabX2
- Printing parameter optimization and construct fabrication
This project demonstrates how targeted material development and process optimization can improve the quality, consistency, and reliability of 3D bioprinting.
If you are developing a printable Bioinks , composite ink, or 3D-printed construct, our team can support you from material preparation and processing to bioprinting and parameter optimization. Looking for support in composite ink development or 3D bioprinting?
Explore our 3D bioprinting services or contact our team to discuss your project.

